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1.
Clinics ; 78: 100230, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447979

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives Hospitalization during pregnancy and childbirth increases the risk of Venous Thromboembolism Risk (VTE). This study applied a VTE risk score to all hospitalized pregnant women to ascertain its effectiveness in preventing maternal death from VTE until 3 months after discharge. Methods In this interventional study, patients were classified as low- or high-risk according to the VTE risk score (Clinics Hospital risk score). High-risk patients (score ≥ 3) were scheduled for pharmacological Thromboprophylaxis (TPX). Interaction analysis of the main risk factors was performed using Odds Ratio (OR) and Poisson regression with robust variance. Results The data of 10694 cases (7212 patients) were analyzed; 1626 (15.2%, 1000 patients) and 9068 (84.8%, 6212 patients) cases were classified as high-risk (score ≥ 3) and low-risk (score < 3), respectively. The main risk factors (Odds Ratio, 95% Confidence Interval) for VTE were age ≥ 35 and < 40 years (1.6, 1.4-1.8), parity ≥ 3 (3.5, 3.0-4.0), age ≥ 40 years (4.8, 4.1-5.6), multiple pregnancies (2.1, 1.7-2.5), BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 (5.1, 4.3-6.0), severe infection (4.1, 3.3-5.1), and cancer (12.3, 8.8-17.2). There were 10 cases of VTE: 7/1636 (0.4%) and 3/9068 (0.03%) in the high- and low-risk groups, respectively. No patient died of VTE. The intervention reduced the VTE risk by 87%; the number needed to treat was 3. Conclusions This VTE risk score was effective in preventing maternal deaths from VTE, with a low indication for TPX. Maternal age, multiparity, obesity, severe infections, multiple pregnancies, and cancer were the main risk factors for VTE.

2.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 26: e230028, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441268

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to analyze the prognosis of women with breast cancer by molecular subtypes, sociodemographic variables, and clinical and treatment characteristics. Methods: This hospital-based retrospective cohort study analyzed 1,654 women over 18 years of age diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 2000 to 2018. Data were extracted from Brazil's Oncocenter Foundation of São Paulo. The variables analyzed were age, histology, molecular subtypes, clinical staging, treatment type, and diagnosis-to-treatment time. Cox regression analysis was applied to estimate death risk. Results: Women with HER-2-positive (nonluminal) and triple-negative molecular subtypes were more than twice more likely to be at risk of death, with adjusted hazard ratio — HRadj=2.30 (95% confidence interval — 95%CI 1.34-3.94) and HRadj=2.51 (95%CI 1.61-3.92), respectively. A delayed treatment associated with an advanced clinical stage at diagnosis increased fourfold the risk of death (HRadj=4.20 (95%CI 2.36-7.49). Conclusion: In summary, besides that interaction between advanced clinical stage and longer time between diagnosis and treatment, HER-2-positive (nonluminal) and triple-negative phenotypes were associated with a worse prognosis. Therefore, actions to reduce barriers in diagnosis and treatment can provide better outcome, even in aggressive phenotypes.


RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o prognóstico de mulheres com câncer de mama de acordo com os subtipos moleculares, variáveis sociodemográficas, características clínicas e de tratamento. Métodos: Este foi um estudo de coorte retrospectivo de base hospitalar. Foram analisadas 1.654 mulheres maiores de 18 anos diagnosticadas com câncer de mama invasivo entre 2000 a 2018. Os dados foram extraídos da Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo, Brasil. As variáveis analisadas foram idade, histologia, subtipo moleculares, estadiamento clínico, tipo de tratamento e tempo entre o diagnóstico e tratamento. A análise de regressão de Cox foi aplicada para estimar o risco de morte. Resultados: As mulheres que apresentaram os subtipos moleculares HER-2-positivo (não luminal) e triplo negativo tiveram risco de morte quase duas vezes maior respectivamente, com razão de risco ajustada — HRaj=2,30 (intervalo de confiança de 95% — 95%IC 1,34-3,94) e HRaj=2,51 (95%IC 1,61-3,92). O atraso no tratamento associado ao avanço do estadiamento clínico ao diagnóstico aumentou em quatro vezes o risco de morte (HRaj=4,20 (IC95% 2,36-7,49). Conclusão: Os fenótipos HER-2-positivo (não luminal) e triplo negativo, além da interação entre estágio clínico avançado e maior tempo entre o diagnóstico e o tratamento, associaram-se a pior prognóstico. Assim, ações para reduzir as barreiras no diagnóstico e tratamento podem proporcionar melhores resultados, mesmo em fenótipos agressivos.

3.
Clinics ; 77: 100072, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394286

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To identify risk factors for Oxygen (O2) needs in pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19. Methods: Prospective cohort involving pregnant women hospitalized with COVID-19 from April to October 2020. The oxygen need was analyzed regarding risk factors: demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory parameters at hospital admission, and chest Computer Tomography (CT) findings. Poisson univariate analysis was used to estimate the Relative Risk (RR) and 95% Confidence Intervals. Results: 145 patients, 80 who used and 65 who did not use O2, were included. Body mass index ≥ 30, smoking, and chronic hypertension increased the risk of O2 need by 1.86 (95% CI 1.10-3.21), 1.57 (95% CI 1.16‒2.12), and 1.46 (95% CI 1.09‒1.95), respectively. Patients who were hospitalized for COVID-19 and for obstetric reasons had 8.24 (95% CI 2.8‒24.29) and 3.44 (95% CI 1.05‒11.31) times more use of O2 than those admitted for childbirth and abortion. Respiratory rate ≥ 24 breaths/min and O2 saturation < 95% presented RR for O2 requirements of 2.55 (1.82‒3.56) and 1.68 (95% CI 1.27-2.20), respectively. Ground Glass (GG) < 50% and with GG ≥ 50%, the risk of O2 use were respectively 3.41-fold and 5.33-fold higher than in patients who haven't viral pneumonia on CT. The combination of C-reactive protein ≥ 21 mg/L, hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dL, and lymphopenia < 1500 mm3 on hospital admission increased the risk of O2 use by 4.97-times. Conclusions: In obstetric patients, clinical history, laboratory, clinical and radiological parameters at admission were identified as a risk for O2 need, selecting the population with the greatest chance of worsening. HIGHLIGHTS In unvaccinated pregnant and postpartum women, any need for oxygen supply increases the risk of invasive ventilation. Obesity, smoking and chronic arterial hypertension proved to be risk factors for the use of oxygen in pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19. The combination of C-reactive protein ≥ 21 mg/L, hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dL, and lymphopenia < 1500 mm on hospital admission and the presence of ground glass ≥ 50% in computer tomography increased the risk of O2 use by 4.97 and 5.33 times respectively in pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19.

4.
Clinics ; 77: 100027, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375200

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To evaluate objective criteria of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Placenta Accreta Spectrum disorder (PAS) analyzing interobserver agreement and to derive a model including imaging and clinical variables to predict PAS. Methods A retrospective review including patients submitted to MRI with suspicious findings of PAS on ultrasound. Exclusion criteria were lack of pathology or surgical information and missing or poor-quality MRI. Two radiologists analyzed six MRI features, and significant clinical data were also recorded. PAS confirmed on pathology or during intraoperative findings were considered positive for the primary outcome. Variables were tested through logistic regression models. Results Final study included 96 patients with a mean age of 33 years and 73.0% of previous C-sections. All MRI features were significantly associated with PAS for both readers. After logistic regression fit, including MRI signs with a moderate or higher interobserver agreement, intraplacental T2 dark band was the most significant radiologic criteria, and ROC analysis resulted in an AUC = 0.782. After including the most relevant clinical data (previous C-section) to the model, the ROC analysis improved to an AUC = 0.893. Conclusion Simplified objective criteria on MRI, including intraplacental T2 dark band associated with clinical information of previous C-sections, had the highest accuracy and was used for a predictive model of PAS.

5.
Clinics ; 77: 100127, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421236

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose The authors aim to carry out an investigation on the impact of cervical oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) detection in pregnant adolescents, to clarify the prevalence and risk factors, considering the importance and lack of data on this topic in Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with adolescents receiving prenatal care in a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, with routine Pap smear and oncogenic HPV detection test in the uterine cervix. The authors sought to associate the results of these tests with demographic and obstetric variables. Results A total of 303 pregnant adolescents whose mean age was 15.30 ± 1.22 years comprised the study subjects. The frequency of high-risk HPV cervical detection was 50.50%. Multivariate analysis revealed that a large number of partners in their lifetime (OR = 1.27) and having a religion (OR = 2.05) were risk factors for cervical detection of oncogenic HPV, while schooling appeared as a protective factor (OR = 0.85). There was an association between this detection and colpocytological alterations, reaching almost 30% of patients, but without association with obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Conclusion The prevalence found is one of the highest in Brazil and worldwide. A greater number of partners during their lifetime and having religion were detected as possible factors associated with cervical HPV detection. Detection of cervical HPV-DNA did not influence obstetric and neonatal outcomes. The findings of this study reinforce the need to implement educational measures capable of modifying the incidence of sexually transmitted infections in this population and capable of promoting adherence to HPV vaccination programs.

6.
Mastology (Impr.) ; 29(1): 37-46, jan.-mar.2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-988338

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To describe the age group, clinical stage at diagnosis, treatment, and survival rates of breast cancer patients treated in a Brazilian specialized Cancer Center. Method: A hospital-based retrospective cohort study is presented herein, on women with breast cancer diagnosed between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2012. Data were extracted from the Hospital Cancer Registry of the A.C.Camargo Cancer Center. Data on age group, histology of the tumor, TNM classification, clinical stage and treatments were described in absolute and relative frequencies for three periods. Survival curves were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated for all variables. Results: A total of 5,095 female breast cancer patients were identified, with most stages classified as I and II (60%). The overall survival was 82.7% for the period of 2000­2004, and 89.9% for 2010­2012 (p<0.001). Patients with invasive ductal carcinoma, who were treated with surgery and hormonal therapy, showed a reduction in the risk of death in the most recent period HRadj=0.42 (95%CI 0.34­0.53) (2010­2012). Conclusions: Early stage diagnosis and combined treatment (including HT) are predictive prognostic factors for high survival rates in patients with invasive breast cancer. Specialized cancer centers can provide valuable indications regarding cancer control policies, evaluating overall survival for breast cancer and its associated prognosis.


Objetivos: Descrever as faixas etárias, estadiamento clínico ao diagnóstico, tratamento e sobrevida global das pacientes com câncer de mama tratadas em um centro de câncer brasileiro. Método: Estudo de uma coorte retrospectiva de base hospitalar, com mulheres diagnosticadas de câncer de mama entre 1º de janeiro de 2000 e 31 de dezembro de 2012. Os dados foram extraídos do Registro Hospitalar de Câncer do A. C. Camargo Cancer Center. Faixa etária, tipo histológico, classificação TNM, estadiamento clínico e tratamento foram descritos em frequência absoluta e relativa estratificados em três períodos. As curvas de sobrevida global foram estimadas pelo método de Kaplan-Meier. A Hazard ratio (HR) com intervalo de confiança de 95% foram calculados para todas as variáveis. Resultados: O total de 5.095 pacientes mulheres com câncer de mama foi identificado, a maioria era estágio inicial 60% (I e II). A sobrevida global foi de 82,7% para o período de 2000­2004 e 89,9% para 2010­2012 (p<0,001). Pacientes com carcinoma ductal invasivo que foram tratadas com cirurgia e hormonioterapia, mostraram redução do risco de morte no período mais recente HRaj=0,42 (0,34­0,53 em 2010­2012). Conclusões: Diagnóstico precoce e tratamento combinado (incluindo hormonioterapia) são fatores prognósticos preditivos para altas taxas de sobrevida em pacientes com câncer de mama invasivo. Centros especializados em câncer podem prover informações valiosas sobre as políticas de controle do câncer, avaliando a sobrevida global do câncer de mama e fatores associados ao prognóstico.

7.
Sex., salud soc. (Rio J.) ; (30): 224-241, set.-dez. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-986124

ABSTRACT

Resumo O artigo discute as especificidades do processo de iniciação sexual (IS) das jovens vivendo com HIV infectadas por transmissão vertical (TV) a partir de um estudo transversal, com amostragem probabilística, conduzido no município de São Paulo entre 2013 e 2014. Foram comparadas as médias da idade da primeira relação sexual das jovens de 18 a 24 anos, segmentadas entre infectadas por TV, infectadas por outras vias e aquelas que não vivem com HIV/Aids. Observou-se associação entre o adiamento da primeira relação sexual e a infecção por TV, ter filiação religiosa, ter ao menos ensino médio completo, não ter feito uso de drogas na vida e ter tido a primeira relação com parceiro mais novo ou até dois anos mais velho. A infecção pelo HIV confere complexidade aos processos de socialização para a sexualidade e, consequentemente, de transição para a vida adulta. Os resultados indicam que diferentes vias de infecção pelo HIV aparecem associadas a modos peculiares de viver a sexualidade.


Abstract The article discusses the specificities of the sexual initiation (SI) of young women living with HIV infected by vertical transmission (VT). The empirical data comes from a transversal study, with probabilistic sampling, carried out in the city of São Paulo from 2013 to 2014. The age average of the first sexual intercourse of the 18-24-year-old women was compared among the three groups: those infected by VT, those infected by other means and those who have not been infected by HIV/Aids. The postponement of the first sexual intercourse is associated with having a religious practice, a secondary school, not having ever used drugs and having the first sexual intercourse with younger or up to two years older partners. HIV infection confers complexity to the processes of socialization for sexuality and, consequently, transition into adult life. The results indicate that different routes of HIV infection are associated with peculiar ways of experiencing sexuality.


Resumen El artículo discute las especificidades del proceso de iniciación sexual (IS) de las jóvenes viviendo con HIV infectadas por transmisión vertical (TV) a partir de un estudio transversal, con muestreo probabilístico, conducido en el municipio de São Paulo entre 2013 y 2014. Se compararon las medias de la edad de la primera relación sexual de las jóvenes de 18 a 24 años, segmentadas entre infectadas por TV, infectadas por otras vías y aquellas que no viven con HIV/SIDA. Se observó asociación entre el aplazamiento de la primera relación sexual y la infección por TV, tener filiación religiosa, tener al menos la enseñanza media completa, no haber hecho uso de drogas en la vida y haber tenido la primera relación con pareja más joven o hasta dos años más viejo. La infección por el HIV confiere complejidad a los procesos de socialización para la sexualidad y, consecuentemente, de transición a la vida adulta. Los resultados indican que diferentes vías de infección por el HIV aparecen asociadas a modos peculiares de vivir la sexualidad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Adolescent , HIV , Coitus , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Sexual Health , Primary Health Care , Women , Brazil , Qualitative Research
8.
CoDAS ; 30(6): e20180072, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-984231

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a sensibilidade e consistência interna do instrumento a partir da comparação com os resultados dos instrumentos de avaliação funcional facial, escala de House-Brackmann (HBS) e Sistema de Graduação Facial, e implicações psicossociais a partir da aplicação da Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HADS). Método Pesquisa aprovada pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa, sob o protocolo nº. 196.977 e 230.982. A avaliação da sensibilidade do questionário foi realizada por meio de entrevistas fechadas em sujeitos adultos com PFP, sendo 38 selecionados para essa etapa. A análise estatística foi realizada para cada uma das etapas deste estudo, os dados foram digitados em Excel®, analisados pelos programas SPSS versão 17.0 para Windows e AMOS versão 22.0 para Windows®. Resultados Participaram 38 sujeitos, entre 19 e 78 anos, com predominância de paralisia idiopática (44,7%). Os resultados do Alfa de Cronbach mostraram uma consistência interna forte entre os grupos temáticos e as questões, no entanto a análise fatorial confirmatória alerta para questões cuja relação de causa entre os grupos temáticos foi fraca, como nos casos das questões 5 e 6 do grupo temático Aspectos Funcionais da Face, questão 17 dos Aspectos Sociais e questão 23 dos Aspectos Emocionais. Conclusão Essa pesquisa constituiu os primeiros passos para o subsídio e respaldo de um instrumento que investiga os aspectos psicossociais associados à PFP, sendo possível a elaboração de questões e ordenação em grupos temáticos. Porém, faz-se necessária a continuidade de estudos para a efetivação dos processos de validação.


ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the sensitivity and internal consistency of the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance (PSFA) based on the comparison between its results and those from other facial functional assessment instruments: House-Brackmann scale (HBS) and Facial Grading System - and the psychosocial implications measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Methods The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the aforementioned Institution under protocols no. 196.977 and 230.982. Thirty-eight adult individuals with Peripheral Facial Palsy (PFP) were submitted to closed interviews in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted for each stage of this study. Data were entered in Excel® spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS 17.0 and AMOS 22.0 for Windows®. Results Study participants were 38 individuals with PFP aged 19-78 years with predominance of idiopathic paralysis (44.7%). Results of the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient showed strong internal consistency between the thematic groups and the questions; however, Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated some questions with week causal relationship between thematic groups, namely, questions 5 and 6 of the group Functional Aspects of Face, question 17 of the group Social Aspects, and question 23 of the group Emotional Aspects. Conclusion This study provided the first steps for the subsidy and support of an instrument designed to investigate the psychosocial aspects associated with PFP, enabling the preparation of questions and their organization into thematic groups. However, further studies are needed to conclude the validation processes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Sickness Impact Profile , Facial Paralysis/psychology , Physical Appearance, Body , Reference Values , Test Anxiety Scale , Time Factors , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Statistics, Nonparametric , Facial Paralysis/physiopathology , Middle Aged
9.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 16(1): eAO4079, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-891447

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate knowledge on oral health and associated sociodemographic factors in pregnant women. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 195 pregnant women seen at the Primary Care Unit Paraisópolis I, in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. For statistical analysis, χ2 or Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression were used. A significance level of 5% was used in all analyses. Results Schooling level equal to or greater than 8 years and having one or two children were associated with an adequate knowledge about oral health. Conclusion Oral health promotion strategies during prenatal care should take into account sociodemographic aspects.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o conhecimento em saúde bucal e os fatores sociodemográficos associados em gestantes. Métodos Estudo com delineamento transversal, com amostra de 195 gestantes atendidas na Unidade Básica de Saúde de Paraisópolis I, em São Paulo (SP). Para a análise estatística, utilizou-se teste χ2 ou teste exato de Fisher e a regressão logística múltipla. Assumiu-se um nível de significância de 5% para todas as análises. Resultados Escolaridade igual ou maior a 8 anos de estudo e presença de um a dois filhos estiveram associadas a conhecimento adequado sobre saúde bucal. Conclusão Estratégias de promoção de saúde bucal durante o pré-natal devem levar em consideração aspectos sociodemográficos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Oral Health , Pregnant Women , Prenatal Care , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
10.
Distúrb. comun ; 28(4): 609-620, dez. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-878540

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: elaborar um questionário que caracterize os aspectos psicossociais de sujeitos com paralisia facial periférica (PFP). Método: A elaboração da Escala Psicossocial de Aparência Facial (EPAF) contou com revisão bibliográfica, levantamento de instrumentos que apresentassem funções similares ao questionário, além de análise crítica. O desenvolvimento das questões buscou abranger a diversidade dos quadros de PFP, a fácil compreensão do respondente, tanto em relação à sua forma, quanto ao seu conteúdo. Após a elaboração da EPAF 18 juízes especialistas na atuação em PFP foram selecionados para avaliar a EPAF. Um formulário de avaliação foi elaborado e reuniões foram agendadas para análise da EPAF. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente e organizados a partir de categorias convergentes e divergentes, para posterior revisão final. Resultados: A escala mostrou eficácia quando permitiu responder ao problema de pesquisa para o qual foi elaborado, sendo essencial o levantamento bibliográfico inicial para fundamentação teórica, conhecimento, compreensão e análise crítica dos instrumentos existentes. A avaliação dos juízes foi primordial para o aprimoramento do instrumento elaborado, simplificação das perguntas e melhorias em futuras aplicações da EPAF em grupo de pesquisa. Conclusão: Este estudo mostrou dados preliminares para utilização de um novo instrumento para detecção de aspectos psicossociais nos quadros de PFP, e justifica-se tal investigação, visto que muitos sujeitos apresentam comprometimentos significativos que podem interferir na evolução clínica.


Objective: To prepare a questionnaire that features the psychosocial aspects of subjects with peripheral facial paralysis (PFP). Methods: The elaboration of the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance (PSFA) included literature review, collection of instruments that presented similar functions to the questionnaire, as well as critical analysis. The development of the issues sought to cover the diversity of the cases of PFP, the easy understanding of the respondent, both for its form and content. After the elaboration of the PSFA, 18 expert judges in the PFP actuation were selected to evaluate the questionnaire. An evaluation form was prepared and meetings were scheduled for the analysis of the PSFA. The data were descriptively analyzed and organized from convergent and divergent categories for subsequent final review. Results: The PSFA was effective when it allowed responding the research problem for which it was prepared, being essential the initial literature collection for theoretical background, knowledge, understanding and critical analysis of the existing instruments. The evaluation of the judges was essential for the improvement of the prepared instrument, simplification of the questions and improvements in future applications of the PSFA in a research group. Conclusion: This study showed preliminary data for the use of a new instrument for detecting psychosocial aspects in cases of PFP and such investigation is justified, since many subjects present significant impairments that may interfere in the clinical outcome.


Objetivo: Preparar un cuestionário que cuenta los aspectos psicosociales de los pacientes con parálisis facial periférica (PFP). Método: La elaboración de la Escala psicosocial de la apariencia facial (EPAF) incluye revisión de la literatura, colección de instrumentos que presentan funciones similares el cuestionário, así como el análisis crítico. El desarrollo de los temas trató de cubrir la diversidad de los casos de la PFP, la fácil comprensión de la parte demandada, tanto por su forma y contenido. Después de la elaboración del EPAF, se seleccionaron 18 jueces expertos en la actuación PFP para evaluar el cuestionario. Un formulario de evaluación fue preparado y reuniones se programaron para el análisis de la EPAF. Los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva y organizados de categorías convergentes y divergentes para su posterior revisión final. Resultados: La EPAF fue eficaz cuando se permitió responder al problema de investigación para el que fue preparado, siendo imprescindible la colección bibliográfica inicial para el fondo teórico, el conocimiento, la comprensión y el análisis crítico de los instrumentos existentes. La evaluación de los jueces era esencial para la mejora del instrumento preparado, la simplificación de las preguntas y las mejoras en las futuras aplicaciones de la EPAF en un grupo de investigación. Conclusión: Este estudio mostró datos preliminares para el uso de un nuevo instrumento para detectar los aspectos psicosociales en los casos de PFP y dicha investigación se justifica, ya que muchos de los sujetos presentan alteraciones significativas que pueden interferir en el resultado clínico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Facial Paralysis , Psychosocial Impact
11.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 19(4): 753-765, Out.-Dez. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-843717

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: A disponibilidade de grandes bases de dados informatizadas em saúde tornou a técnica de linkage uma alternativa para diferentes tipos de estudos, proporcionando a geração de uma base de dados mais completa e de baixo custo operacional. Objetivo: Melhorar a qualidade e a completitude dos casos incidentes de câncer por meio dos linkages probabilístico e determinístico entre o Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de São Paulo (RCBP-SP), o banco de dados de óbitos e de Autorização e Procedimentos de Alta Complexidade. Método: Foi utilizado o banco de dados do RCBP-SP, composto de 343.306 casos de câncer incidentes no município de São Paulo entre 1997 e 2005, com idades entre 1 e 106 anos, de ambos os sexos. Para o linkage foram utilizadas três bases de dados, a saber: do Programa de Aprimoramento de Mortalidade no Município de São Paulo (PRO-AIM), da Fundação SEADE e da Autorização e Procedimentos de Alta Complexidade/Custo do Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial do Sistema Único de Saúde (APAC-SIA/SUS). Foram analisadas os coeficientes brutos de incidência (CBI) e mortalidade (CBM) e a sobrevida global pela técnica de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: Após o linkage, verificou-se um ganho de 4,3% para a CBI e 25,8% para a CBM. Na análise de sobrevida global antes do linkage havia uma subestimação da probabilidade de estar vivo para todas as variáveis analisadas (p < 0,001). Conclusão: As técnicas de linkage contribuíram para a melhora da qualidade da informação do RCBP-SP tanto na completitude das variáveis quanto na definição do status vital do paciente, refletindo a capacidade das bases de dados, quando trabalhadas de maneira conjunta, de fornecerem subsídios para diversos tipos de estudos e informações para o planejamento de ações políticas e estratégicas.


ABSTRACT: The availability of large computerized databases on health turned the record linkage technique into an alternative for different study designs. This technique provides the creation of more complete databases, at low operational costs. Objective: The aim of this study was to improve the quality of information and data completeness through probabilistic and deterministic record linkage between Population-based Cancer Registry of São Paulo (PBCR-SP) for incident cancer cases, death database and drugs/medical procedures database. Methods: We used the database of the PBCRP-SP composed of 343,306 incident cancer cases in the municipality of São Paulo in the period between 1997 and 2005 with ages raging from under 1 to 106 years old, from both sexes. Three databases were used for linkage, namely Improvement Program for Mortality Information in São Paulo city (PRO-AIM), Authorization of Procedures of High Complexity/Cost of Outpatient Information System from the Unified Health System (APAC-SIA/SUS), and Foundation State System of Data Analysis (Foundation SEADE). Crude incidence (CIR) and mortality rates (CMR) were calculated and overall survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: After record linkage, it was possible to observe gain of 4.3% for the CIR and 25.8% for CMR. The overall survival analysis showed that before record linkage there was an underestimation of the probability of being alive for all variables (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The linkage techniques contributed with the improvement of the quality of RCBP-SP information both on completeness of data, as in defining the vital status of the patient. In addition, the results found in this study reflect the ability of databases when worked jointly, providing subsidies for various types of studies and information for planning policies and strategic actions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Brazil/epidemiology , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Registries/standards , Age Distribution , Incidence , Information Systems , Registries/statistics & numerical data , Sex Distribution
12.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 21: e1618, 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-777592

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Aplicar a Escala Psicossocial de Aparência Facial, para verificar aplicabilidade e reprodutibilidade, por meio de estudo piloto. Métodos Casuística: seleção de oito sujeitos adultos com paralisia facial periférica, a partir de critérios estabelecidos. Procedimentos: 1. avaliação fonoaudiológica da função facial; 2. verificação da fidedignidade da Escala Psicossocial de Aparência Facial; 3. verificação da reprodutibilidade da escala; 4. aplicação da Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados e aplicado o teste t-Student pareado, entre os momentos 1 e 2, e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ricc). Resultados A verificação da aplicabilidade aumentou a familiaridade com o processo de coleta de dados e auxiliou nas modificações dos procedimentos. O questionário mostrou-se fidedigno para todas as escalas analisadas: Aspectos Funcionais da Face, Aspectos Sociais, Aspectos Emocionais, Geral e Nota atribuída ao rosto. O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ricc) demonstrou a reprodutibilidade do instrumento, tendo apresentado, neste caso, valores excelentes para todas os grupos temáticos analisados. Conclusão Esta pesquisa ofereceu subsídios para o aprimoramento e elaboração final de instrumento que investiga os aspectos psicossociais associados à paralisia facial periférica.


ABSTRACT Purpose To apply the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance in order to verify its applicability and reproducibility in a pilot study. Methods Subjects: eight adult subjects with peripheral facial palsy were selected according to established criteria. Procedures: 1. speech-language assessment of the facial function; 2. verification of the reliability of the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance; 3. verification of the scale’s reproducibility; 4. application of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, and the paired t-Student test (between times 1 and 2) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ricc) were applied. Results Assessing the applicability increased the familiarity with the data collection process and contributed to modifications in the procedures. The questionnaire proved to be reliable for all the scales analyzed: Functional, Social, and Emotional Aspects of Face, General, and Note Assigned to the Face. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ricc) demonstrated the reproducibility of the instrument by showing excellent values for all thematic groups analyzed. Conclusion This study provided subsides for the improvement and final elaboration of an instrument that aims to investigate the psychosocial aspects associated with peripheral facial palsy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Facial Paralysis , Psychosocial Impact , Myofunctional Therapy , Nonverbal Communication , Reproducibility of Results
13.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 33(3): 326-331, jul.-set. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-761143

ABSTRACT

Objetivo:Verificar a prevalência de sedentarismo entre adolescentes com HIV/Aids e seus fatores associados.Métodos:Foram entrevistados 91 adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos, com HIV/Aids, em acompanhamento em uma unidade de infectologia universitária. Foram coletados dados antropométricos (peso, altura e circunferência da cintura) em duplicata, informações clínicas foram obtidas nos prontuários médicos e a prática de atividade física habitual foi medida por meio do questionário proposto por Florindo et al. O ponto de corte para sedentarismo foi de 300 minutos/semana.Resultados:As prevalências de altura inadequada para idade, desnutrição e sobrepeso/obesidade foram de 15,4%, 9,9% e 12,1%, respectivamente. As atividades físicas mais citadas foram: futebol (44,4%), voleibol (14,4%) e andar de bicicleta (7,8%). Os tempos medianos dispendidos com a prática de atividade física e caminhando/andando de bicicleta até a escola foram de 141 minutos e 39 minutos, respectivamente. A maioria dos adolescentes (71,4%) era sedentária, proporção maior entre as meninas (p=0,046).Conclusões:Foi observada alta prevalência de sedentarismo entre adolescentes com HIV/Aids, prevalência essa semelhante àquela observada na população geral. Promover a prática de atividade física entre adolescentes - especialmente entre meninas - com HIV/Aids, assim como monitorá-la, deve fazer parte da rotina de acompanhamento desses pacientes.


Objective:To assess the prevalence of physical inactivity among adolescents with HIV/AIDS, as well as associated factors.Methods:Ninety-one adolescents (from 10 to 19 years old) with HIV/AIDS who are patients at a university follow-up service were interviewed. Anthropometric data (weight, height, and waist circumference) were measured twice; clinical information was obtained from medical records, and habitual physical activity was assessed by a questionnaire proposed by Florindo et al. The cutoff point for sedentariness was 300 minutes/week.Results:The prevalence of inadequate height for age, malnutrition, and overweight/obesity was 15.4%, 9.9% and 12.1%, respectively. The most common physical activities were soccer (44.4%), volleyball (14.4%) and cycling (7.8%). The median times spent with physical activity and walking/bicycling to school were 141 min and 39 min, respectively. Most adolescents (71.4%) were sedentary and this proportion was higher among girls (p=0.046).Conclusions:A high prevalence of physical inactivity among adolescents with HIV/AIDS was observed, similar to the general population. Promoting physical activity among adolescents, especially among girls with HIV/AIDS, as well as monitoring it should be part of the follow-up routine of these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Motor Activity , Sedentary Behavior , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
14.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(2): 215-220, Apr-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751437

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the demographic data and clinical outcomes of non-small-cell lung cancer patients exposed to erlotinib in any line of treatment. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of nonsmall-cell lung cancer patients from a reference general hospital and a private oncology clinic, who received erlotinib from 2005 to 2011. Statistical analysis was performed and we evaluated demographic data and response to treatment, by correlating the results of this first cohort published in Brazil with results of current literature. Results: A total of 44 patients were included; 65.9% were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, and 63.6% had metastatic disease. The mean age was 63.3 years. The median follow-up was 47.9 months. Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation screening was performed in 22.7% of patients (n=10), with mutation present in 30% of patients. The median overall survival was 46.3 months, and there was a higher probability of survival at 60 months for females compared to males (29.4% versus 15.8%; p=0.042). The other variables did not present significant statistical difference. Conclusion: We collected the largest cohort of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who have used erlotinib in Brazil to date, and demonstrated that outcomes of patients treated at our clinic during the study period were consistent with the results of current literature in similar patients. .


RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar as características demográficas e a evolução de pacientes com neoplasia de pulmão de não pequenas células que receberam erlotinibe em qualquer linha de tratamento. Métodos: Coletamos retrospectivamente dados de pacientes portadores de neoplasia de pulmão de não pequenas células que receberam erlotinibe em qualquer linha de tratamento em um hospital geral de referência e em uma clínica particular de oncologia em São Paulo, no período de 2005 a 2011. Foi realizada a análise estatística e foram avaliados aspectos demográficos e resposta ao tratamento estabelecido, correlacionando os resultados dessa primeira coorte publicada no Brasil com resultados da literatura vigente. Resultados: Foram avaliados 44 pacientes, dos quais 65,9% eram portadores de adenocarcinoma e 63,6% tinham doença metastática. A média de idade foi de 63,3 anos. O seguimento mediano foi de 47,9 meses. A pesquisa de mutação do receptor do fator de crescimento epidérmico foi realizada em 22,7% dos pacientes (n=10), resultando positiva em 30% dos avaliados. A sobrevida global mediana foi de 46,3 meses, e observou-se uma probabilidade maior de sobrevida em 60 meses para o grupo feminino, quando comparado ao grupo masculino (29,4% versus 15,8%; p=0,042). As demais variáveis não apresentaram diferença estatística significativa. Conclusão: Coletamos a maior sequência de pacientes com neoplasia de pulmão de não pequenas células que fizeram uso de erlotinibe no Brasil até a data vigente e demonstramos que a evolução dos pacientes tratados no período avaliado teve resultados concordantes com os da literatura vigente em pacientes semelhantes. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Quinazolines/therapeutic use , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Adenocarcinoma/mortality , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Brazil , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/secondary , Erlotinib Hydrochloride , Follow-Up Studies , Hospitals, General , Hospitals, Proprietary , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Mutation/genetics , Retrospective Studies , ErbB Receptors/genetics , Sex Distribution , Survival Rate , Treatment Outcome
15.
Cad. saúde colet., (Rio J.) ; 22(4): 428-436, Oct-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-741383

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi propor pontos de corte nos escores calculados no processo de linkage probabilístico, para as diversas topografias de câncer. Neste estudo foi utilizada a base de dados do RCBP-SP, composta por 343.306 casos incidentes de câncer do município de São Paulo, registrados no período de 1997 a 2005, com idades que variaram de menos um a 106 anos, de ambos os sexos. Para o linkage probabilístico, realizado no programa Reclink III, foram utilizadas a base de dados do PRO-AIM e APAC-SIA/SUS. Foram calculados os valores da área sob a curva, sensibilidade e especificidade para determinar o ponto de corte do escore de maior precisão na identificação dos pares verdadeiros. Na análise das topografias, verificou-se que o ponto de corte no escore 18 apresentou boa acurácia, com valores de sensibilidade que variaram de 73,7 a 96,7% e de especificidade de 98,5 a 99,4%. Conclui-se que, acima do escore 18 encontravam-se quase a totalidade dos pares verdadeiros, enquanto que abaixo deste, menos de 1% dos registros vinculados eram verdadeiros.


The aim of this study was to propose cut-off points for scores calculated in the probabilistic record linkage process for several cancer topographies. In this study we used the PBCR-SP database composed of 343,306 incident cancer cases from the municipality of São Paulo, registered from 1997 through 2005, aged from less than one to 106 years, of both sexes. PRO-AIM and APAC-SIA/SUS databases were used to probabilistic record linkage using Reclink III software. Area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity values were calculated to determine the cut-off point with the highest accuracy in identifying true matches. In the topography analyses, it was found that the cut-off at score 18 showed good accuracy, with sensitivity ranging from 73.7 to 96.7% and specificity ranging from 98.5 to 99.4%. We concluded that above score 18 nearly all true pairs were found. Whereas, below this cut-off, less than 1% of linked records were true matches.

16.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 12(3): 274-281, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723910

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the evolution of indicators after the implementation of 21 Oral Healthcare Teams in the Family Health Strategy. Methods We used data from outpatient services of Oral Healthcare Teams to evaluate efficiency, access, percentage of absences and emergencies of oral healthcare professionals who worked in the partnership between the Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Hospital Albert Einstein and the Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo, during the period 2009-2011. Results Percentages of emergencies, income, and access showed a significant difference during the period analyzed, but no difference for percentage of absences was found. When monthly analysis was made, it is noteworthy that at the beginning of service implementation a fluctuation occurred, which may indicate that the work was consolidated over the months, becoming capable of receiving new professionals and increasing the population served. Comparison of the indicators in that period with the goals agreed upon between the Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Hospital Albert Einstein and the Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo made it possible to notice that the Oral Health Teams had a good performance. Conclusion The results showed that the goals were achieved reflecting the increasing number of professionals, the maturing of work processes in the Oral Health Teams, and optimization of the manpower available to perform the activities. Understanding these results will be important to guide the actions of Oral Health Teams for the following years and to assess the achievement of goals. .


Objetivo Avaliar a evolução de indicadores após a implantação de 21 Equipes de Saúde Bucal na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Métodos Foram utilizados os dados de produção ambulatorial dos profissionais das Equipes de Saúde Bucal, o qual é o instrumento oficial utilizado pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo para acompanhar o desempenho dos profissionais da saúde bucal em relação a rendimento, acesso, percentual de faltas e de urgências. Esses profissionais trabalharam na parceria entre a Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Hospital Albert Einstein e a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo, no período de 2009 a 2011. Resultados Para os indicadores: percentual de urgência, rendimento e acesso, houve diferença significativa entre os anos analisados. Para o indicador percentual de faltas, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante. Quando feita a análise mensal, destaca-se que, no início da implantação do serviço, ocorreu oscilação, podendo indicar que o trabalho foi consolidado ao longo dos meses, sendo capaz de receber novos profissionais e aumento da população atendida. Ao se compararem os indicadores do período com as metas pactuadas com a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo, é possível perceber que as Equipes de Saúde Bucal tiveram bom desempenho. Conclusão Os resultados alcançados junto às metas pactuadas certamente refletem o aumento do número de profissionais, o amadurecimento dos processos de trabalho dessas Equipes de Saúde Bucal e a otimização da mão de obra disponível para realização das atividades. O entendimento desses resultados é importante para nortear as ações das Equipes de Saúde Bucal para os anos ...


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Delivery of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Oral Health/statistics & numerical data , Program Evaluation , Patient Care Team/statistics & numerical data , Absenteeism , Brazil , Family Health , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors
18.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 46(4): 816-821, ago. 2012. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-649751

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a reprodutibilidade interavaliadores do instrumento para a classificação de pacientes pediátricos portadores de câncer; verificar se o instrumento de classificação de pacientes é adequado a pacientes pediátricos portadores de câncer e elaborar uma proposta de modificação do instrumento, permitindo a adaptação para pacientes pediátricos oncológicos. Foram avaliados, na unidade de internação pediátrica de um Hospital de câncer, 34 pacientes pelas equipes de médicos, enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem. Para a avaliação do grau de concordância entre os escores obtidos pelos avaliadores foi utilizado o coeficiente Kappa, que revelou um valor intermediário/alto nas classificações objetivas, e um valor baixo nas subjetivas. Conclui-se que o instrumento é confiável e reprodutível, porém, para classificação do paciente pediátrico oncológico, sugere-se a complementação de itens para atingir um resultado mais compatível com a realidade dessa população.


The objectives of this study were to assess the interrater reproducibility of the instrument to classify pediatric patients with cancer; verify the adequacy of the patient classification instrument for pediatric patients with cancer; and make a proposal for changing the instrument, thus allowing for the necessary adjustments for pediatric oncology patients. A total of 34 pediatric inpatients of a Cancer Hospital were evaluated by the teams of physicians, nurses and nursing technicians. The Kappa coefficient was used to rate the agreement between the scores, which revealed a moderate to high value in the objective classifications, and a low value in the subjective. In conclusion, the instrument is reliable and reproducible, however, it is suggested that to classify pediatric oncology patients, some items should be complemented in order to reach an outcome that is more compatible with the reality of this specific population.


Estudio que objetivó estimar la reproductibilidad inter-evaluadores del instrumento para la clasificación de pacientes pediátricos portadores de cáncer; verificar si el instrumento de clasificación de pacientes es adecuado para pacientes pediátricos portadores de cáncer y elaborar una propuesta de modificación del instrumento, permitiendo su adaptación para pacientes pediátricos oncológicos. Fueron evaluados 34 pacientes en la unidad de internación pediátrica de un Hospital oncológico por parte de los equipos de médicos, enfermeros y técnicos de enfermería. Para estimar el grado de concordancia entre los puntajes obtenidos por los evaluadores, se utilizó el coeficiente Kappa, que expresó un valor entre intermedio y alto en las clasificaciones objetivas, y un valor bajo en las subjetivas. Se concluye en que el instrumento es confiable y reproducible, aunque para la clasificación del paciente pediátrico oncológico se sugiere la implementación de ítems para alcanzar un resultado más compatible con la realidad de éste población.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Neoplasms , Patients/classification , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pediatrics
19.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 30(1): 57-64, 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618449

ABSTRACT

Estimar a prevalência de excesso de peso e os fatores associados à sua ocorrência em adolescentes da rede de ensino público da cidade de Piracicaba, São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de 269 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, com idades entre dez a 14 anos. Foram aplicados questionários para obtenção do consumo alimentar, maturação sexual, nível de atividade física e características demográficas. Para a análise estatística utilizou-se a regressão logística univariada e múltipla. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 35,7 por cento entre os meninos e 26,2 por cento, entre as meninas. Os fatores associados foram observados somente entre as meninas, mostrando-se protetor ao excesso de peso o 2º tercil de consumo de carboidrato (OR ajustada 0,28) e a fase de aceleração/pico do crescimento (OR ajustada 0,37). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de excesso de peso nos adolescentes é preocupante. A fase de aceleração/pico do crescimento e o alto consumo de carboidrato foram relacionados como fatores protetores para o excesso de peso entre as meninas. Sugere-se ainda que este último fator seja analisado com cautela, dado que tal associação não foi observada em outros estudos.


To estimate the prevalence of excess weight and the factors associated with its occurrence in adolescents enrolled at public schools in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of 269 adolescents of both sexes aged 10 to 14 years. Questionnaires were administered to collect data on dietary intake, sexual maturity, physical activity level and demographic characteristics. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of excess weight was 35.7 percent for the boys and 26.2 percent for the girls. Factors significantly associated with excess weight were only identified for the girls, among whom it was found that being in the 2nd tertile for carbohydrate intake (adjusted Odds Ratio [OR]: 0.28) and the accelerating/peak growth phase (adjusted OR: 0.37) were protective factors against excess weight . CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study reveal a worrying prevalence of excess weight among the adolescents studied. The accelerating/peak growth phase and high carbohydrate intake were identified as protective factors against excess weight for the girls. It is, however, suggested that the second of these be treated with caution since this link has not been detected in other studies.


Estimar la prevalencia de exceso de peso y los factores asociados a su ocurrencia en adolescentes de la red de enseñanza pública de la ciudad de Piracicaba, São Paulo (Brasil). MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal de 269 adolescentes de ambos sexos, con edades entre 10 y 14 años. Se aplicaron cuestionarios para obtención del consumo alimentar, maturación sexual, nivel de actividad física y características demográficas. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó la regresión logística univariada y múltiple. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de exceso de peso fue de 35,7 por ciento entre los muchachos y de 26,2 por ciento entre las muchachas. Los factores asociados fueron observados solamente entre las muchachas, mostrándose protector al exceso de peso el 2º tercil de consumo de carbohidrato (OR ajustada 0,28) y la etapa de aceleración/ápice del crecimiento (OR ajustada 0,37) CONCLUSIONES: Los hallazgos del presente estudio evidencian que la prevalencia de exceso de peso en los adolescentes es preocupante. La etapa de aceleración/ápice del crecimiento y el alto consumo de carbohidrato fueron relacionados como factores protectores al exceso de peso entre las muchachas. Se sugiere además que este último factor sea analizado con cautela, una vez que tal asociación no fue observada en otros estudios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Regression Analysis , Nutritional Status , Overweight/epidemiology
20.
Appl. cancer res ; 32(4): 102-105, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, Inca | ID: lil-706007

ABSTRACT

Objective: Besides the high sensitivity and specificity of positron emission tomography (PET) for head and neck tumors, there is still a lack of consensus about how to use this method inradiotherapy planning. The aim of this study is to compare different gross tumor volume (GTV) obtained with PET images in comparison to the size of the target volume generated with CT scanalone, for treated and untreated head and neck lesions. Methods: Sixty lesions in fifty patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. Delineation of the GTV was achieved using computed tomography (CT) images alone (GTV-CT) and PET-CT images with the visual assessment method (GTVPET-CT) and standard uptake value (SUV) thresholds of 40, 50, 60 and 75 percent (GTV40%, GTV50%, GTV60%, GTV75%, respectively). Correlations were measured by the Spearman test and the Friedman test was used to verify differences between GTVs. Results: For all lesions (treated and untreated), only the GTVPET-CT showed a strong correlation with GTV-CT. For only the untreated lesions, GTVPET-CT and GTV75% showed a strong correlation with GTV-CT. The GTV50%, GTV60% and GTV75% showed statistically significant difference in relation to GTV-CT, while GTVPET-CT and GTV40% were similar to GTV-CT. Conclusion: The use of PET-CT changes the volume of the final target in head and neck tumors,depending on the methodology used to calculate the GTV. The results presented here showed that the GTV40% and the GTVPET-CT are those who are closer to the target volumes delineated by conventional CT


Subject(s)
Humans , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Radiotherapy , Positron-Emission Tomography
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